Kukura sitirobheni - sei kuwana yakawanda yekukohwa?

Kukura sitirobheri kunonzi inonyanya kuenzanisa nekukohwa blueberries, blueberries nemamwe majiroji. Inofanirwa kuibva nokukurumidza, inopa nhamba huru yemichero mikuru uye haifaniri kudiridza zuva nezuva. Inoda kungochera zvakakodzera uye kutarisira mashizha musati waibva kwechibereko.

Kudyara strawberries

Kudyara kwejikiji kunowanikwa kuburikidza nemicheu yakagadzirirwa. Usati waviga midzi muvhu rakavhurika, mbeu inotonhora: gara munzvimbo inotonhorera kwemazuva mashanu kusvika mairi. Mushure mezvo, mamwe mimwe mitemo yekudyara strawberries mumwaka inozadzika:

1. Saka kuti mbeu dzisasva uye dzive nyore kutora midzi, midzi yemichero inonamirwa mubindu rekutengesa kubva kune ivhu uye mullein kupinda mukati mushure mekudzidzira.
2. Nokuti strawberries inosarudza munda wekurima, iyo isingagutswi nemvura yakanyanyisa pasi. Nzira yakakodzera inofunga kuti mazinga avo ari pasi pe1 m.
3. Umubhedha unoshambwa nemashizha makuru enyika uye masora.
4. Kuti mbeu idzi dzikurumidze kukura, kuputika kwepasi pamusoro pekukura (iyo yakakwirira pamudzi) haufaniri kuva kupfuura 2 cm.
5. Apo gwenzi rakaiswa mugomba, rinosaswa nepasi, zvishoma tamped uye zvishoma nezvishoma rinozadzisa mvura kuitira kuti isashamba ivhu kubva pasi pemidzi.

Nzira yekugadzirira ivhu rekudyara strawberries?

Zvichipa kuti tsvina yemaspuresi inonzwisisa kunaka kwevhu, inofanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune iyo isati yasimwa. Izvo zvakanakisisa zvigadziriswa zvezvikoroti zviyo zviyo, dill kana basil, ivo vakaipa vose vamiriri vemhuri yeSolanaceae. Kukura sitirobheni muvhu rakazaruka kuchakurumidza uye kunobereka kana ivhu rakagadzirirwa richifunga nezvekurudzirwa kwevarimi vekuziva:

1. Nyika yakawanda inofanira kunge yakasanganiswa ne loam kana sandy loam muchikamu che1: 1.
2. Mazuva gumi vasati vadyara, ivhu rinodonhedzwa uye rinodzivirirwa kubva kune zvirwere zvefungal. Kwema 10 malita emvura, 500 g yeaimu uye 50 g yemhangura sulfate inoshandiswa. Nokupfira 1 mita yemamita inoshandisa 1 litre yemusanganiswa.
3. Mibhedha yakafukidzwa nemusanganiswa weiyo organic fertilizers. Iyo yakakwirira 10 cm yevhu inofanira kunge ine musanganiswa wehutu, jena jena, peat uye humus zvakaenzana zvakaenzana.

Kudyara strawberries muvhu

Panguva ino yegore, mashizha anosimwa pamusana pezvikonzero zviviri: zvimwe kuitira kuti kukurumidza kuwedzera fruiting nehuwandu hushumisa uye kukohwa muhotera mukati mechando, kana kuunganidza zvibereko zvekutanga pakutanga kweJune. Kudyarwa kwakakodzera kwema strawberries mukwata kunobatsira pakuita zvakanaka rooting uye hibernation pasina kukanganisa. Iko kune zvitatu zvinokonzerwa nekudyara nguva mukutenderera kwe berry iyi:

1. Kutanga kwokutanga kwekuvhura - kubva pavhiki yechitatu yaAugust kusvika pakati peSeptember.
2. Mid-autumn-landing - kubva musi waSeptember 15 kusvika kuOctober 15.
3. Kudyara kwemazuva mashoma - mashizha akavigwa pasi pasi mwedzi isati yasvika firiji yekutanga.

Kudyara strawberries muchirimo

Mumahombekiti echeki omuchero anodyarwa muvhu rakavhurika apo kutonhora kwemhepo kunodonha. Zuva chaiyo rekudyara rinopesana zvichienderana nenharaunda. Kuti udzidze kugadzira zvakanaka gorobheri mumwaka wekutanga, unotanga kutanga neguva rakakodzera panguva yevhu nekusvina vana ne humus kana compost. Zvose zvinogadziriswa zvekuchera kwevhu ndezvi:

1. Kumativi ekumaodzanyemba - kubvira 1 kusvika 15 March.
2. Kune nzvimbo dziri kuchamhembe nekunyunguduka kwechando kwechando - kubvira 1 kusvika 15 May.
3. Kune boka repakati - kubva 10 kusvika 30 April.

Nzira dzekudyara strawberries

Sezvo zvirimwa zvebiro zvisingafambidzani nevese vavakidzani vari mubindu, havakwanisi kudyarwa chaotically. Mitemo yekudyara strawberries inorambidzwa kuisa bhiza pedyo nemamate, parsley, eggplants, gooseberries uye black currants. Mbeu dzinoiswa panzvimbo yakasiyana nedzimwe yezvirongwa zvinotevera:

1. Carpet kusvika. Masango ari pedo nemumwe, uye mashizha paanowatanga anotanga kufanana nechigadziro chinoramba chichigadziriswa. Izvo zvisiri izvo zvekudyara uku ndezvishoma kudyara pamusana pemidzi yakabatana.
2. Kusvika mumutsara. Mitsara yakareba yakareba yemasango, iyo yaunogona kutamba nayo nyore nyore nekudiridza kana kuunganidza michero.
3. Kukura sitirobheni zvakasiyana-siyana zvimire shrub. Paridza marudzi akasimwa achifunga nezvekuparadzaniswa kwemidzi midzi uye kubatana.
4. Kudyara matendere. Pakati pebindu mune imwe simiti, kumativi ose, simai 6 mamwe mabhasi.

Chikamu pakati pebhanzu reborosiro kana uchidyara

Iyo yakanakisisa uye yakashandiswa ndiyo chirongwa chokudyara strawberries mumitsara. Kuitevera, kwekubuda kwekwangwani ruvara rwehupamhi hwe40 cm, uye kureba pakati pegorobheni kana uchidyara pamasango kune 15-20 cm.Zviri kusara nzira yekudyara zvakagadzirirwa:

• 45-60 masendimita pakati pemasango ega;
• 35-40 cm kure kana nzvimbo yakasvibiswa yekumhanyira;
• 5-10 masentimita - nokuda kwekusimudza chigadziro.

Zviratidzo zvekuwedzera strawberries

Strawberries ndeimwe yemabriji emapapiro. Haatenderi penumbra, saka mabhuru marefu ari kukura pedyo naye, anotemwa nenguva munguva yezhizha, kuti arege kunonoka kuchenesa. Nzira dzekukura strawberries dzinotarisa kushandiswa kwemafuro. Pakati pavo:

1. Vertical method. Denda rema ampel rinowanikwa kubva muhari kana bhokisi, kana kupisa grid kana mapaipi.
2. Hora. Mhando dzakadzika-dzinokura kana dzakaputika dzakapararira pasi kana kutora midzi mumasaga, mabhati kana mapuranga.

Kukura sitirobheni gore rose

Kana makumi mashomanana adarika ma berries akakurira chete mumwaka wekushisa, saka nhasi kukohwa kubva kumakwenzi kunowanikwa muna March, kunyange munaDecember. Kune nzira nhatu dzinoita kuti gore rose rive nekurima ma strawberries chaiye uye rinobudirira:

1. Musha wefirimu . Mhando dzakadzika-kukura dzinogona kukura pasi pefirimu yakaoma mukati mekumaodzanyemba nekuchengeta nguva yechando.
2. Window sill. Shrub muhari yehutano hwakakwana pahwindo inokwanisa kubereka zvirimwa 2 painochera masharuki nekukohwa nenguva.
3. Yakapisa kupisa. Kunyangwe munzvimbo dzinotonhorera, zvinokonzerwa kugadzira humidity uye inopisa yepamhepo.

Kukura sitirobheni - kupfeka kupfeka

Kupfeka kwepamusoro kwezvitsva zvitsva zvisingadyarwa hazviitike zvachose - zvinosarudzwa nevaya vakadyarwa mugore rapera kana kuti mberi. Mamiriro ezvinhu ekukura strawberries, kana asina kutapukirwa nekuora kana asingatambudziki nematombo, akagadzirirwa katatu kubereka - mushure mekudyara, panguva yepamusoro wekuonekwa kweivha uye shure kwekukohwa kwapera. Dzimwe nguva pakuchengeteka, nzira yekudya inodzokororwa kuti igadzirire nguva yechando. Iyo yakanakisisa manyorero ndeiyi:

• ammonium sulfate;
• kukukwedza kwekuku;
• musanganiswa weodhini uye boric acid;
• mullein;
• rye mabhisiki akaiswa mumvura.

Kuchengeta strawberries

Mushure mokudyara mbeu inoda kuregererwa nguva dzose pamubhedha, kudiridza, kurapwa kunorwisana nehurusi uye kudyidzana nezvinhu zvakasikwa uye microelements. Zvichienderana nezvakasiyana-siyana, maruva anotanga muhafu yepiri yaMay kana kutanga kwaJune. Kuchengetedza zvakakodzera shwiberi kuitira kuti uwane kukohwa kwakanaka kunofanira kubva pamitemo yakawanda:

• kuchengetedza nguva dzekudiridza pamatanho akasiyana ekurima;
• kudzivirira mabhedha ekudzivirirwa kubva kunotonhora, kupisa kana yakaipa mamiriro okunze;
• kugara uchinyatsoongorora gwenzi kuti ubvise maoriki akaora uye mashizha akawa.

Kuchengetwa kwegorobheni pashure pokudyara

Pakarepo mushure mekudzidzisa kwemirasi yemudziro muvhu, mashizha emichero anonwisa. Varimi vemizambiringa vanotaura kuti kakawanda sei kunwa sitirobheni mushure mekudyara vanorayirwa kuti vaite mangwanani-ngwanani kwete kamwechete kupfuura 1 nguva mumavhiki maviri. Mushure meizvi, zvakakosha kudonha ivhu - iyo yakafukidza pamusoro pevhu inobatsira munda wekurima. Iyi nzira ye agrotechnics inobatsira kuvhura ivhu nemavhithamini, inodzivirira kupindira kwezvipembenene kumidzi uye inochengetedza unyoro mumatanda ekudenga. Kudzidzira mulching maererano netsika:

1. Kugadzirira kwemashoko. Zvinogona kuva sawdust, humus, uswa, kupwanyika kadhibhodi, firimu, mapepanhau, bark kana nenyuchi.
2. Kuvhara mabhedha. Masango pakati pemasango akavanzwa pasi pechitenderedzwa chakavimbika chemarara, achiedza kusasvibisa muti, kuitira kuti usaparadzanisa kuraswa kwesiwberries.
3. Kuchengetedza mutsara. Kunwisa mvura yakachengetedzwa haisi kukurudzirwa, asi inogona kuwedzerwa kumiti kana mbeu isisina simba nemhepo.

Kutarisira strawberries panguva yekurira

Mushure mekuonekwa kwemavara, chirongwa chokudiridza chinochinja. Kudururira mvura kubva kumusoro kumusoro hakusi yakachengeteka: kana mvura inokonzera ovary, inogona kukanganisa kuonekwa kwe powdery mildew kana grey rot . Pakati pemimwe mitemo inopa kuchengetwa kweborobberries mumwaka wezhizha uye zhizha, unogona kutumidza zvinotevera:

1. Nguva yekudiridza ndeye mazuva 7-12. Imwe mita yakareba yemasvingo inoshandiswa makore makumi maviri emvura. Kupisa kwaro kunofanira kuva 18-20 ° C.
2. Nzvimbo yekugara pakachengetedza mamiriro okunze akaipa. Mvura uye mhepo inogona kukuvadza mashizha mashizha, saka kukohwa panguva yemvura uye mhepo inoputika nefirimu yakawanda yema polyethylene.
3. Kunyorera iyo yakareba. Pavhu uye nemabhedha emakroberiti, mashizha akaoma anowanzoonekwa, anokanganisa kuwanika kwe okisijeni kumidzi. Vanoputirwa nemvura kubva pfuti yepereti uye vanoshamiswa.

Strawberry - kugadzirisa munguva yehuta

Apo hovha inowanikwa pachirimwa, kutarisirwa kwayo kunofanira kuchinjwa zvakanyanya kuitira kudzivirira uturu hwekupinda muzvikoroti zvinobereka. Hazvifaniri kukanganisa kadhiinally kubva kupfeka kwepamusoro, sezvo zvichibvira kusarudza zvinhu zvisina kuipa zvezvinhu zvinangwa izvi. Kuchengetedza gorosi jwiberi panguva yekuumbwa kwemichero ndeizvi:

1. Kumusoro kupfeka ne nettle decoction kamwe kamwe kwevhiki mbiri. Inobatsira pakuwedzera kuwanda kwemichero nekuwedzera juiciness yavo. 20 g yemashizha akaoma akaomeswa 1 litre yemvura inwaya, ezvo uwedzere imwe 10 litita emvura inodziya uye shandisa iyo yakagadzirwa yekudiridza.
2. Fertilizer wood ash. Iine ma microelements anodiwa pakukura sitirobheni. Madota akaiswa panopoteredza gwenzi nguva pfupi mushure mekuonekwa kwemashizha okutanga.
3. Kubviswa panguva yakakodzera yejikiji yakabikwa. Kana paine ovary, ine michero yakawanda, kana imwe yadzo inorohwa, inonyatsorodzwa kuti idzivirire vamwe kubva mukukuvara.

Kukura Strawberries - Zvirwere

Iyi tsika inotarisana nezvirwere zvakafanana zvinosanganisira blueberries, raspberries uye mamwe majiroji. Kuvharirwa nemumwe wavo kunogona kugadziriswa nezviratidzo zvekunze: kuchinja muvara wemashizha, maitiro avo, kuderera muzvibereko kana kushandiswa kwechibereko. Muchigadziriro chekutarisira bhedha iwe unogona kusangana nezvirwere zvakadai zvewainirobheni:

1. Spider mite. Chimwe chipukanana chinoputira mashizha nemubhodhi, chinoita kuti zviwande uye zvishande. Iyo mite inogona kukundwa nekupfira nemuchero we carbophos mushure mokukohwa.
2. Strawberry mite. Zvinoshamisa zvinotyisa, nokuti zvinokuvadza midzi uye petioles yemashizha. Iyo mishonga inokonzera mazai pamahombekombe pavanotanga kuumba. Pakurimwa kwemajeni sitirobheni utachiona hunoita zvakanyanya: mashizha anopera, uye majikiti anenge ari maduku. Ichadzivirirwa nekuonekwa kwechirwere ne colloidal sulfur vasati vadyara.
3. Nematode. Minyore ine urefu hwemasviki 1 masikati inopa tsika ye brittle stalk uye inoshandisa urefu hwezvitsva, asi inorarama pasi, panzvimbo pemiti. Dambudziko racho rinokurumidza kukurumidza kudzivirira kukura kwekoni yehonye. Zvigadziriswa zvinopisa zvichava nemakomba maduku neakisi, iri pakati pemakwenzi.
4. Fusarium uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvinopisa. Zviratidzo zvinokosha zvechirwere ndeyecrosis pamwe nemuganhu wemashizha, kubvongodza kwemafuro neavo vanotevera kufa. Kukura sitirobheni kwakaputsika: iyo axial cylinder yemurimi inoputika uye inotanga kukwira shure mushure mekuvandudza, midzi yayo inotyisa inofa. Chirwere hachiratidzi kana mashizha akaiswa mumakore ose gumi nemasere.