Munhu wese anokura miriwo anoda kuwana zvibereko zvakakura. Iyo yakakurumbira uye yakakurumbira yemidziyo yemafuta ndiyo mbatata, iyo mune nyika dzine mamiriro okunze anononoka zvakakodzera kufungidzirwa "chingwa chechipiri". Kazhinji kuenzanisa mbatata zvinowanikwa kubva pa 1 hectare hazvipfuuri matani 15-20. Asi izvi zvakanyanya kwazvo zviratidzo! Zvechokwadi, zvibereko zvemidziyo zvirimwa zvinogona kunge zvakakura. Ngatiedzei kuziva: ungawedzera sei kukohwa kwemazamu?
Zvimwe zvinokanganisa chibereko chemazamu
Mbatata yezvibereko muhekta yakabatana zvakananga nezvimwe zvikonzero:
- unhu hwembeu mbatatisi;
- Kugadzirira mbeu;
- kushandiswa kwekutengesa kwekombiyuta;
- nzvimbo yekurima uye mamiriro okunze;
- quality yevhu;
- watering;
- kunyoresa nzvimbo yekuraira mbatata;
- kudzora zvirwere nezvirwere ;
- kuita mabasa ekuchengetedza tsika.
Nzira yekuwedzera sei kukohwa kwemazamu?
Zvose zvibereko zvepatata zvinogona kugoverwa kana nhamba yemitemo ichiwana. Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kusarudza zvakasiyana-siyana zvemazamu, izvo zvinobudirira zvakakurira munzvimbo ino. Inofanira kutungamirirwa neHurumende yeHurumende yezvirimwa zvakasimwa, yakakurudzirwa kukura mune imwe nzvimbo. Inofanirawo kuonekwa kuti kunyange iyo yakasiyana-siyana inoshamisa iyo yakadyarwa pane imwe nzvimbo kwemakore anoverengeka inopedza zvishoma nezvishoma. Saka, makore matatu kusvika mana, iwe unofanirwa kushandura mbeu yekudyara.
Pamusana pokukura mbatatisi, yakakosha yakawanda yevhu ine sarudzo inopa hunyoro hwakanaka uye mhepo inokwana, kunyanya sande uye sandy loamy. Asi ivhu uye ivhu solonchak hazvikodzeri kukudziridza midzi midzi. Usati wadyara, zvinotarisirwa kuti uite unyanzvi hunosunungura kuitira kuti tuber iwane humhute uye mhepo yakakwana munguva yezvinomera. Zvakanaka, kana alfalfa nedzimwe mbeu yezviyo, pamwe chete nemafuta, zvaibatanidzwa semafungiro (avo vakagadzirira).
Munzira yakanakisisa, kubereka kwepakutanga uye yakapera mbatata kunoshushwa nekushandiswa kwema fertilizer yekurima. Inogona kunge yakagadzirwa nehujiki (manyowa, manyowa akarambidzwa kana madonhi embeu) uye mineral fertilizer, kunyanya potassium-phosphorus complexes. Kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzebhatiro, mbatanidzwa yekuwedzera nema magnesium-ine manyowa inoshandiswawo.
Nzira dzezvemagetsi dzekuwedzera mazai ezvinomera
Zvenguva pfupi kuitisa maitiro ekugadzirwa kwekombiyuta mukurima mbatatari: weeding, hilling, kurwisana nevanokanganisa, ndiyo chibvumirano chezvibereko zvakanaka.
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzinobvumira kuwedzera kuibva kwemazamu.
Nzira yeGülich
Nyika inopatsanurwa kuva zvikamu zve1x1 m. Mukona rimwe nerimwe, humus inotangwa uye guru tuber rinowanikwa. Mushure mekuonekwa kwebukira mukati megwenzi rakadururira ivhu rakasununguka, kuitira kuti mafuro awedzere paakona. Nzira yacho inodzokororwa kusvika pakuumbwa kwegwenzi rine maverengi akawanda. Nekudiridza kwakanaka, imwe mbeu inobereka 16 kg yematata.
Mbatata inodyarwa mumibhedha 0.5 m muhupamhi uye 1 mamita pakati pavo. Mabhedha akavharwa nemasvingo evhu kuchengetedza mvura. Chimiro chinogara chichidiridza uye katatu mumwaka zvinopedzerwa, asi hapana chikomo. Nzira iyo inobvumira kuderedza nzvimbo yakagoverwa mbatatisi uye kuwedzera muchero kusvika pamatani 50-55 kubva pa 1 hectare.
Dutch teknolojia
Ikozvino inozivikanwa nekombiki yeDutch inokubvumira kutora 2 kg ye tubers kubva mugwenzi. Chinokosha ndeyekuti mbatatisi yekudyara inofanira kuva ne3 - 5 cm muhupamhi uye ichatsvairwa neyakagadzirira. Iyo miviri yakasimwa muhombodo 25 cm yakakwirira, mitsetse pakati pemigwagwa haisi pasi pemasendimita 65. Nguva inodirirwa kanenge katatu uye yakasunungurwa kune ivhu reeration. Vhiki nehafu mushure mekukohwa zvakagadzirirwa kubviswa zvose zvigwamba.
Imwe nzira inobatsira yekuwedzera mazai ezoro ndeyokubvisa peduncles muhutano hwekugadzira chikamu.