Utano hwepfungwa hwomwana hahuna hunokosha kudarika huri hwemuviri. Pasina kurapa kwakakwana, chero kushungurudzika mukati megadziriro yenherera muvana inofambira mberi. Somugumisiro, zvinetso zvepfungwa zvepfungwa hazvinyangadzi chero kupi zvako, zvinoramba zviri muhucheche uye hukuru.
Neurosis - chii ichocho?
Chikonzero chikuru chekuregeredza boka iri rezvirwere ndiko kusakwanisa kunzwisisa kwerudzi rwavo uye kukanganisa. Zvakakosha kuti vabereki vadzidze neurosis zvakanyanya - chii chiri mumishonga, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvipi uye nzira yekugadzirisa naro. Nyanzvi dzinotsanangura chirwere ichi sechirwere chinokonzerwa nehupenyu hwemunhu kune kamwe-kamwe, kwenguva refu kana kuti kwenguva refu mupfungwa mupfungwa. Chirwere chacho hachikwanisi kuitika mushure mezera remakore matatu, rinowanikwa mune zvidzidzo zvevana nevechiri kuyaruka. Uwandu hwokuvandudzwa kwepfungwa dzevana vaduku hahuperi kune zvaunofunga.
Neurosis - marudzi uye zvinokonzera
Iboka iri rehutano rinokonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa. Mitauro yeurourosis muvana:
- obsessions;
- hysteria;
- depressive episodes;
- neurasthenia;
- hypocondria;
- logoneurosis;
- somnambulism;
- anorexia.
Neurosis yemamiriro ekudzikama muvana
Imwe zita rehutano hwechirwere ichi ndechokuvhara-kusagadzirisa chirwere (OCD). Inosanganisira neurosis yekufamba kwekusimba kwevana, kufunganya pfungwa uye pfungwa. Chirwere ichi chinotaridzirwa chinoonekwa semhando zhinji. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa ROC:
- genetic predisposition;
- utachiona (masero, mononucleosis, hepatitis);
- zvakanyanya mupfungwa mupfungwa;
- kutya kusinganzwisisiki.
Kukurudzira kwekuvandudzirwa kwechirwere chekunyangarika kunowanzotora phobias. Pakutanga mwana haakwanisi kubvisa pfungwa dzinotyisa kana mafungiro (kushungurudza) kwenguva yakareba. Zvishoma nezvishoma, uropi hwake hunofananidzwa navo, hurikudzidzira kushandiswa kusingazivikanwi kwekudzivirirwa - zviito zvakakomba (compulsions). Mwana wacho anofanira kuita dzimwe tsika dzomutemo kuitira kuti kutya kwake kusapedze, somuenzaniso, svetuka kanomwe musati wapinda mufambisi kana mukanza, ushambidze mavo katatu mushure mokutaura nemumwe mutorwa nevamwe.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda zvakaoma pamatanho ekutanga kufungidzira iyi neurosis muvana - zviratidzo zvinogona kuramba zvakachengetwa kwenguva yakareba, kunyanya kana pane pfungwa dzisingabatsiri iyo mwana anoramba ari maari. Zvichida zviratidzo:
- Kutya kusina musoro uye kutya;
- phobias;
- kuramba kwechikwata chekushanyira dzimwe nzvimbo, zviitiko, zviito zvakajeka;
- kufamba kwakadzokorora (kubhenekera, kusveta, miromo inonyengera);
- kukanganisa (kuverenga, kuverenga chimwe chinhu, kuronga zvokudya nemavara);
- kuisa zvipikiri;
- kudhonza, kucheka bvudzi;
- kuora, kuparadza kweganda;
- shingaira nevamwe.
Hysterical neurosis muvana
Chikonzero chikuru chekufungidzirwa kwechirwere chacho ndechikanganiso mune dzidzo. Mishonga yehutachiona yakawanda inowanzoongororwa muzvidzidzo zvevana, dzimwe nguva inowanikwa mukuyaruka. Kurwisana kwepfungwa kunotanga kupesana nemamiriro ekurwisana mukati, kana uwandu hwezvaunotarisirwa kana zvaunoda zvevamwe hwakakwirira kudarika simba remuwana. Kunyanya kugadzirirwa vana vacheche, avo vanofungidzirwa mumhuri (egocentric education), vakaparadzwa.
Pazera remakore, hysteria inoratidzika seyekuporesa neurosis muvana - chiremera-kupumha kwekutambudza. Vanokura pamwe chete nekuchema, kunokonzerwa nekutsamwa, kusagutsikana kwecheche nekuda kwekusagutsikana kwechido chake, kuramba zvakananga. Kufanana nekumhanya kwekufema, mwana wacho nemaune anowedzera kukanganisa kwehutano-anowira pasi, anonyora zvakashata, anozadza maziso ake. Nokuti zviito zvakadaro zvinoratidzirwa nekushandurudza uye kuwirirana. Kurwiswa kunogona kupera kusvikira maawa akawanda, kana kune "vataridzi". Vechiduku vanotevedzera kuora mwoyo kwekufa uye kuora mwoyo.
Depressive neurosis
Iyo yakatsanangurwa maitiro echirwere ichi chakanyanya kuoma maererano nekuongororwa. Kuora kwevana kwakadaro kwakaoma kuziva nekuda kwekusiyana kwezviratidzo izvo zvisinganzwisisiki zvakafanana nemufananidzo we "mukuru" kuora mwoyo. Zvikonzero zvinokonzerwa nehutano ndezvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvepfungwa:
- kuparadzana kune vadiwa;
- rufu rwemumwe wemhuri;
- kurambana kwevabereki;
- kupesana pakati pehama;
- kuvhara pachena kwekugadzirwa kubva kune vezera;
- zvikanganiso pakuonekwa;
- kuremara;
- nherera;
- kunyanya kuda zvinodiwa nevabereki;
- manzwiro asina kugadzikana;
- matambudziko nehutano hwevakadzi;
- zvepabonde uye zvakadai.
Kushungurudza neuroses muvana nevechiri kuyaruka havana zviratidzo zvakananga. Chirwere chemakiriniki chinoenderana nezera remwana, unhu, hutsika, hukama hwemhuri uye mamwe maitiro. Zvichida Zviratidzo:
- kukanganisa;
- kusafarira;
- mafungiro anofamba;
- chido chokutarisa;
- kutsamwa;
- kugona;
- kunyarara kutaura;
- kuchema ;
- chiso chinopenya chemaziso;
- hasha;
- rudeness;
- capriciousness;
- kufunga;
- kuzvidya mwoyo ;
- motokari kushungurudza uye mafambiro akadaro anochinja.
Neurasthenia muvana
Kusiyana nemhando dzakapfuura dzezvirwere, fomu iyi inogona kuitika mumwana muduku, 1-2 wemakore. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera izvi neurosis - zvikonzero:
- hutano;
- kusagadzikana kwemaamai panguva yekuzvitakura;
- kutya;
- kurangwa kwakaipa;
- kurambana;
- moving;
- kutanga kwekushanyira kuchikoro chechikoro kana kuchikoro;
- rufu mumhuri;
- mafungiro evaridzi nevabereki;
- mamiriro ezvinhu mumusha uye mamwe maitiro epfungwa-mupfungwa.
Neurasthenia inoratidzwa nechimwe chimiro chemakiriniki:
- kushushikana kwehope;
- kutsamwa;
- kazhinji manzwiro anochinja;
- kuchema;
- kupesana kukuru kwehasha, kutendeuka nokuzvidemba;
- kutarisira;
- headache;
- kuneta kukuru;
- kuora kwekushanda nesimba;
- zvinetso zvepfungwa.
Hypochondria muvana
Rudzi rwemazuva ano rwechirwere runowanzosvikirwa nevana vakanyanya kutarisirwa, kutungamira kuna chiremba ane matambudziko maduku. Pane zvimwe zvinokonzerwa neurosesa muvana vane zviratidzo zve hypochondria:
- kugadzikana kwepfungwa;
- chirwere chakakomba mune imwe yemhuri;
- rufu rwehama kubva kune imwe chirwere;
- phobias;
- zvirwere zvakakomba zvakatambudzwa nevana kare;
- ban on manifestation of weakness ("Varume havacheme");
- dzidzo nekutyisidzirwa.
Kukanganisa kwakadaro muvana vane zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvinokurudzira zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa:
- kugara uchifara;
- chizungu uye chisungo;
- kutya kusinganzwisisiki;
- pre-occlusive conditions;
- kutuka kukuru;
- dzimwe nguva kudengenyeka kwemaoko;
- kunyangadza;
- kurambwa kwekutsvoda, kukumbundira, kubata maoko nekubata;
- kuzvimirira oga muvanhu;
- kuvhara;
- zviito zvakasvibiswa zvine chokuita nehutano (kushambidza maoko, uchishandisa hekecheche) nevamwe.
Logoneurosis muvana
Ihwo hutano hunofungidzirwa huchiri kuzivikanwa sekudengenyeka, huine zvikonzero zviviri chete. Logoneurosis inokonzerwa nehupenyu hunokonzerwa nemararamiro kumatauriro ekutaura kana chikonzero chekutya kukuru. Kutinhira kuri kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekutenderera uye rwiyo rwekukurukurirana nemhaka yekudengenyeka kwemashoko ekutaura. Dzimwe nguva zvinosanganisira zviratidzo zvinokonzera - maziso echiso, priptoptivaniem, kuvhara zvigunwe nezviito zvakafanana.
Somnambulism muvana
Vana vazhinji vanorwara nekurara , kazhinji zvizvarwa zvinokonzera. Somnambulistic neuroses muvana inogona kuitika kune zvimwe zvikonzero:
- kunyanya mupfungwa mutoro;
- kugadzikana kwepfungwa;
- craniocerebral damage;
- kuora mwoyo ;
- uropi hunobudirira kusakanganisika;
- encephalopathy;
- kukakavara mumhuri;
- neuroinfections;
- kudhakwa uye zvakadai.
Kunyatsoongorora sleepwalking zvinonyoresa nezvayo zvinowanzoonekwa - kufamba, kutaura, kushanda zvakaitwa muchiroto. Kubudirira kwevana neuroses muvana kune ngozi, somnambulism inowanzotungamirira kukuvara, dzimwe nguva nemugumisiro unouraya (kuwira kunze kwehwindo, kuputirwa kutemberi). Nechirwere chinopfuurira, mwana anogona kuita zvoutsinye panguva yakakodzera, anokuvadza vanhu vakavapoteredza.
Anorexia nervosa muvana
Chikonzero chikuru chekuramba zvakakwana kwezvokudya chido chekuderedza uremu, saka avo vakarondedzera chirwere zvinowanzoita kuti vasikana vaduku vave nevana. Mune dzimwe nguva, anorexia inofambidzana nedzimwe dambudziko repfungwa - kuora mwoyo, hypochondria, hysteria. Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwevana zvinosanganisira matambudziko ehupenyu nehutsika:
- ganda rakaoma;
- kuisa kurasikirwa kwekurema;
- kutya kutya;
- maonero akatsauka ehukuru hwomuviri wake;
- manzwiro ekuderera;
- kurasikirwa kwebvudzi;
- kuzvidzora;
- dehydration;
- kuneta;
- jaundice;
- kurwadziwa kwepamuviri;
- kuramba nzara;
- amenorrhea in girls;
- kusabatwa kwakanyanya kutonhora;
- kusafarira;
- brittle misumari nevamwe.
Kurapa kwevana neuroses muvana
Zvakakosha kurwisana nemapurisa akaongororwa achibatsirwa navanachiremba vanokwanisa. Nzira huru yekurapa inonzi psychotherapy neurosesa. Inoitwa mumwe nomumwe, mudenderedzwa yemhuri uye mapoka nevamwe varwere. Chiremba anosarudza nzira dzokurapa mumwe nomumwe kumwana mumwe nomumwe. Kugadzirira neuroses muvana kunokosha zvikuru. Semitemo, mushonga wemiti, vitamini complexes, uye mishonga inoshandiswa kuvandudza kupararira kweropa muuropi. Kusarudzwa kwemishonga ndeyechiremba chete, haugone kupa mwana wako mishonga yako.
Prophylaxis yevana neuroses muvana
Matanho ekudzivirira haudi kutora chero mishonga. Kuchengetedza neuroses muvana vaduku uye kumisa kufambira mberi kwavo mberi kunobatsira kusimbisa hurumende yezuva racho, kuumba mafungiro emamiriro ezvinhu mumhuri, kubereka kwakanaka uye kuberekera vana vechokwadi. Kana mwana akabatwa nehutano hwepfungwa, zvakakosha kusarudza muongorori wepfungwa akanaka uye zvinonakidza zvinonakidza. Kubudirira kuchava mutsara uye unyanzvi hwokurapa hwemishonga , kutarisa kumapoka evana chaiwo, zvikamu nemhuka.