Mukenza wechibereki ndiwo kenza yakajairika. Kusava kwechiratidzo pamatunhu ekutanga kunonyanya kunetseka kuongororwa kwehutano. Funga nezvechirwere zvakanyatsotsanangurwa, ngatitumidzei zviratidzo zvikuru zvekenza yemukomana, zvikonzero uye nzira dzerapi.
Mukenza wechibereki - izvo zvinokonzera
Kana chirwere chakadai sechirwere chepervical chichionekwa, chikonzero chekukura kwayo chinonetsa. Vanachiremba vanotanga chirongwa kuburikidza nekuunganidza anamnesis, kusabatisa zvirwere zvekuberekwa kwekuberekwa kunotanga kusvika kune oncology. Pakati pezvinhu zvinokonzera kukura kwekenza, oncologists vanoti:
- zvirwere zveveereal: gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, genital herpes;
- chirwere chenguva refu nehomoni-ine zvinodhaka;
- kushandiswa kwemakemikari emuviri;
- kutanga zvepabonde zvekare;
- Kushandurwa kakawanda kune vanoita zvepabonde - kunounza kuchinja mumaruva emadzimai, zvichiita kuchinja pamasero emagetsi;
- Mapuroteni anokonzerwa nemurume wemurume anogona kukanganisa kushandiswa kwemagadzirirwo emuviri wemukati.
Chirwere chemukomuzha chikwata chemukana
Vanachiremba vanotsanangura boka risina ngozi - vakadzi, avo vane maitiro ekuberekorora anowanzotarisana nezvirongwa zvehupenyu. Pakati pavo pane:
- Zvinotakura vanhu papillomavirus. Chirwere chepervical neHIVV oncologists nguva dzose inorapwa senzira dzisingatauriki. Kutarisa kushanduka pamasero emakemikari anokonzerwa nehutachiona iyi ndiyo inokonzera kukura kwekenza yemukomana.
- Zviitiko zvinowanzopfuura. Kusavapo kwe cytology ye smear kazhinji kunokonzera kugona kufungidzirwa kwechirwere. Vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuitora kamwe kamwe pagore.
- Vakadzi vane simba rekudzivirira zvirwere zvemuviri, vakapedzisira vasisina utachiona. Nokudaro, mukana wekuvandudza incology inowedzera kune varwere vanotora immunosuppressants.
- Vakadzi vakwegura kupfuura makumi mana. Zvidzidzo zvedzinza zvakaratidza kuwedzera kwezviitiko zvehutachiona mumadzimai evanhukadzi. Nenguva iyo mashizha anochinja panguva ino anogona kukonzera kushungurudzika kwepitelial tissue yemutsipa.
- Kutungamirira hupenyu hwepabonde hwepabonde. Mikana yehutachiona inowedzera.
- Iva nevana vanoverengeka vane makore akasiyana-siyana. Iko inoberekwa inoda nguva yekudzoka. Dambudziko rinowanzoitika panguva yekuberekwa rinokurudzira kusungirwa kwezvirwere uye nekuvandudzwa kwezvirwere zvinogona kukonzera kuchinja mumuviri wechiremera pamagetsi.
Cervical Cancer - Species
Rudzi urwu rwewe oncology rine zvimwe zvitsanangudzo. Muchikonzero chavo, nhema haisi kungoita mhando yezvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvivako zvemagetsi, asiwo kugadzirisa maitiro ehutachiona. Saka, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekutarisa kwekutanga kwechirwere, pane:
- kenza yemukati chikamu chechivharo;
- kenza yakananga kervical canal.
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuvhiringidzika kumagetsi emagetsi, zvinotevera zvinoratidzika:
- Squamous cell carcinoma yemukati. Mhando iyi yehutano inokwana 80% yezviitiko zvose zvekenza yemumuromo. Nechirudzi urwu, masero eepithelial tissue emuviri wemukati anokanganisa, izvo zvinoshandura chimiro chavo uye chimiro. Muchiitiko ichi, vanokura muhukuru, asi usapfuure miganhu yemutsipa wemutsipa.
- Mukana wechirwere wechibereko wechibereko. Ichi chimiro chekurwara chinoratidzirwa nekupararira kwemarara-kufanana nehupi kune dzimwe nhengo uye maviri. Inogona kuva inotyisa (kuburikidza neropa) uye lymphogenous (kuburikidza ne lymph) nzira. Chokutanga, lymph nodes inowanikwa munharaunda yehurogi huri kubatwa. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichipfuurira, chirwere chinopararira kuburikidza neropa, kurova nhengo dziri kure uye zvirongwa.
Inogamuchirwa kugovera zvikamu zviviri zvechirwere chokupedzisira:
- Chirwere chemininvasive - chechi inochinja inogadziriswa pamuganhu we epithelium uye inogadzirisa mhuka. Metastases inopinda mukati me stroma inowanikwa munzvimbo yakadzika isingasviki 3 mm, hapana kuvharwa kwemidziyo ye lymphatic;
- Inokanganisa - chironda chinopinda mukati memasukisi kusvika pakadzika kupfuura 3 mm, mashizha anoumbwa, anoumba masero anokanganisika, pane zvipembenene zvemakirini emakero emunharaunda, masastases ari kure anogadzirwa.
Mukenza wechibereki - zvikamu
Chirwere chemukomero wechikamu, chinongororwa chinorondedzerwa pamusoro apa, chinotanga kukura kubva kumasero emwe rudzi rwemhuka. Panguva imwecheteyo, hurongwa hunobudirira nokukurumidza, hunosanganisira nhengo dzevakidzani uye mishonga. Pamwe pazvikonzero izvi, zvikamu zvehutano zvakasiyana. Mumwe nomumwe ane kliniki yake pachayo, zviratidzo zvematoriki. Pose panguva yehutachiona, inowanzosiyanisa zvikamu zvina.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - nhanho 1
Chirwere chemhondi chechidimbu chekutanga chinoratidzirwa nekunyatsogadzirisa nzvimbo, ine miganhu yakajeka yezvigadzirwa. Apo pazvinoratidzira danga iri rekugadzirisa kenza, vanachiremba vanotaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvinotevera zvehutano:
- chironda hachipfuuri kupfuura mutsipa;
- cytological changes are weak and diagnosed only microscopically;
- Metastases inogona kupinda muchero wemugero wechibereki ne 3-5 mm;
- chiremera chikafu hachina kusvika masendimita 4.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - chirongwa chechipiri
Chikamu chechipiri chemukenza wechibereki chinoratidzwa nekubudiswa kwemasero anouraya kupfuura kumiganhu yemukati uye muviri wechibereko. Munyaya iyi, zvipembenene zvemuviri wepachiviri uye chikamu chepakati chechikadzi hazviitiki. Masero echipatara anokanganisa zvachose mararamiro. Metastases inogona kupinda munzvimbo dzakapoteredza. Ivo vanoongororwa nenzira dzinobatsira, iyo inobvumira kutsanangura nhamba, ukuru uye kugovana kwechirwere cheputi.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - chikamu chechitatu
Kanzira yemukati, chikwata chechitatu chinoratidzika nechirwere chemuviri webato duku, zvinyorwa. Pakuparadzira metastases kune dzimwe nhengo uye zvirongwa, kushanda kwavo kunovhiringidzika. Kakawanda kaupopu inowanikwa pamadziro ekunze emakona maduku, chikamu chetatu chemudzimai. Nehurukuro yakazara yevarwere, kune kukanganisa muitsvo, kuderera mumabasa avo.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - chirongwa chechina
Panguva ino yehutachiona hwechirwere chemuviri wemukondombera, metastases inowanikwa munenge nhengo dzose dzemadiki mapepa: chidimbu, matumbo, zvipfeko. Cervical uye uterine kenza inowedzera. Nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwehutachiona, shanduko inoshanduka kune lymph nodes dzenharaunda. Pamwe pamwe neropa, foci yeakashandurwa masero inogona kupinda mukati maitiro akare emuviri. Kakawanda paunowanikwa, zvirwere zvinowanika muuropi, mapapu, uye chiropa.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Nechirwere chakadaro chakadai, sechirwere chemucheche, zviratidzo hazvipo kwenguva yakareba. Izvi zvinotsanangura kuongororwa kwepathology, kazhinji ne 2 degrees of impairment. Maererano nehuwandu, kubva pakutanga kwegadziriro kusvika pakutanga kwezviratidzo zvinogona kutora makore akawanda. Kana varwere vane zvirwere zvekuberekwa kwehutano hwekuberekwa, zviratidzo zvinoratidzika zvinoratidzwa mumarwadzo ekudzivirira mukati, kumucheto kumashure. Muchiitiko ichi, mukadzi anogona kuratidza kubuda kwepabonde, kuva neropa rekushaya ropa uye kusabatana nekuenda kumwedzi. Mamiriro ekurwara anokonzera, anosanganisira kenza, anosanganisira:
- cervical kukorera ;
- leukoplakia ;
- marudzi akasiyana-siyana emutsipa mushure mushure mekuberekwa.
Kana zviri izvo zviratidzo zvinotevera chirwere chemucheche, zviratidzo zvinenge zviripo zvinogona kuve zvakagadziriswa zvive zvizere uye zvakananga. Ikutanga ndeyokuti:
- kugara mucheche, ganda rinopera, kupera;
- ganda rakaoma;
- kunyanya kupikisa;
- nguva dzose utera;
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- kuderera kwomuviri.
Symptomatology yechirwere yakasiyana, uye inobva paurefu hwehutano hwehutano. Kune zviratidzo zvakananga zve oncology yemukati, nde:
- Kubuda ropa. Vanogona kuva, sekutaurirana (mushure mekuita zvepabonde kana kuita), uye pasina. Izvo zvazvo zvinogona kusiyana. Muchikamu chekupedzisira chechirwere, nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwehutachiona, vane unhu husingafadzi.
- Pain mushure, pasi pomuviri uye nzvimbo yakakomba.
- Kufuridzira kwemakumbo ezasi, nekuda kwekukuvadzwa nemasipisiti yemidzi yeropa.
- Kupesana kwebasa rakaoma-kuchinja kwechimiro chechigaro, kuumbwa kwefistula.
Chirwere chemukomberedzi - kuongororwa
Nheyo yezviitiko zvekuongorora ndeye nzira dzakakosha. Kutsunga kwechirwere kunotanga nekunyatsochengetwa kwemamnesis. Mushure meizvozvo, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinosarudzwa, pakati pazvo:
- colposcopy - inobatsira kutsanangura mamiriro emadziro edzimai, chibereki uye uterine cavity;
- cytological examination of the material - the sample of the material is taken from the surface of the mucous neck and microscopized;
- biopsy - chidzidzo chechimiro, morphology, chimiro chemasero anotorwa kubva mumutsipa;
- histological examination - inobatsira kuziva chirwere chechirwere;
- Ultrasound - inosarudza ukuru uye nzvimbo yekuumbwa, nhamba yavo.
Nechirwere chakadai sekenza yemukomana, MRI inoshandiswa kuongorora tumakumbo maduku. Vanachiremba vane ruzivo vanogona kusarudza kunyatsoona nzvimbo iyo, danho rayo uye chiyero chekuvhiringidzika kumagadzirirwo emagetsi. Iyi nzira inokosha zvikuru, inoshandiswa zvakananga kuwana mifananidzo yakazara yechirwere, apo chokwadi che oncology chinosimbiswa.
Iwe unogona kuona ultrasound yemukenza wechibereki here?
Kanzira yemukati mutsva pa ultrasound muzvikamu zvekutanga haigone kuonekwa. Izvi zvinowanikwa pamasero emagetsi. Kunyange nekukura kukuru, haugone kuisa. Iyi nzira yekutsvakurudza hardware inoshandiswa mune izvo zvatove zvarongororwa nezvehupenyu hwehutano. Nekubatsirwa kwake, unogona kugadzirisa nzvimbo chaiyo uye chiyero chedzidzo, kuongorora nhengo dzepamusana dzekuvapo kwemasimasi.
Mukenza wechibereki wakabata kana kwete?
Ne chirwere chakafanana nekenza yemukomana, kurapa kunosarudzwa mumwe nomumwe. Iyo shanduro yekurapa inobatanidzwa zvakananga nechigarire chekurwara, kuoma kwezviratidzo, kuvapo kwezvirwere zvinokonzera. Nheyo yekurapa ndeyokuti:
- kupindira kwekuvhiya;
- radiation therapy ;
- chemotherapy.
Kakawanda, kuti zvibudirire, vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Mugumisiro wekurapa unobva pane:
- dhigirio reoncology;
- zera remurwere;
- kuvapo kwezvirwere zvinokonzera zvekuberekwa.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - kufungidzira
Incological michina yakaoma kupa chirwere. Nechirwere chakafanana nekenza yemukomana, kuponesa kunofanirwa kunobva pachigadziro chechirwere chetachiona, mamiriro emakirini anokonzera, chiremera chechirwere uye kuwedzera kwezvinetso zvinoparadza. Saka mushure mokunge uine hutachiona hwakanyanya uye lymphadenectomy, chiyero chekurarama kwemakore makore mashanu. Panguva imwecheteyo, 80-90% yevarwere vakange vasina lymph nodes vakavhiringidzika nehutu. Pakati pevarwere vane metastase mumapanga, 50-75% chete yevakadzi vanorarama makore anopfuura mashanu.
Chirwere chemukomuzha - kudzivirira
Matanho ekudzivirira kwekutanga kweiyo oncology munharaunda yekubereka inosanganisira kupora nekuteerera nemimwe mitemo. Nokudaro, inoculation pamusoro pemukenza wekervical inobatsira kuderedza mikana yekuvandudza chirwere ichi kuburikidza nekuderedza basa revirusi yepilloma, chikonzero chikuru chekenza. Kana vachengetwa, zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa:
- Gardasil ;
- Cervarix.
Pakati pezvimwe zvipingamupinyi ndezvekuti:
- vakaronga kuongorora miongorori yevakadzi, kutanga kubva pamakore maviri nema25;
- kushandiswa kwemagetsi ekugadzirisa;
- kunamatira kune mumwe wako.
Upenyu mushure mekenza yemukomana
Kunyatsobvisa kenza yemukirini inokwanisika chete kana mazano uye kugadzwa kwechiremba uye kutanga kwechirongwa cherapi kunoonekwa. Vakadzi vakawanda vanogona kudzokera kune mararamiro avo ekare. Zvisinei, vanachiremba havatauri kuronga kubata pamuviri mushure mechiedza chemukondombera. Hormonal shanduko inowanikwa munyaya iyi inogona kukuvadza kudzokerazve, kuvandudzwa kwehutachiona hunochinja mumagadzirirwo emagetsi emupervical epithelium.