Vanhu vose vanoshandisa zvokudya zvavo zvakasiyana-siyana zviyo: buckwheat, rice, mapira, nezvimwe. Asi mupunga ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa, sezvo isiri zvokudya chete, asiwo chikamu chetsika yehuwandu hwevanhu vepasi pose. Kana ingano yakakura sei, ichiri kuzivikanwa, kuti rizere rinokura sei dzakawanda zvisingazivikanwi, nokuti zvinoitika kune kure kure nyika dzeAsia. Pasinei nokuti mucheche ndeyemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, asi teknolojia yekukudziridza inenge yakafanana kwavari.
Muchikamu chino iwe uchaziva kuti chimiro chinoratidzika sei somupunga, kupi uye kuti chinokura sei.
Dyidza rice
Murairi inomera yemvura inopera gore negore kubva mumhuri yezviyo, inokura uye inobereka kukohwa kwakanaka mumamiriro okunze anonaya uye anonaya. Iine furry midzi, iyo ine mhepo yemhepo, iyo inopa mukana wekuwedzerwa kwe okisijeni mumhepo yakazara. Mucheka we rizi unoumbwa kubva kune maverengeka akare kana kuti mawoo marefu ane mashizha akaenzana nehupamhi hwe 3 kusvika 5 mm murefu kusvika mamita mashanu.
Rice iri kukura nzvimbo
Munenge nyika dzose dzeAsia (China, India, Thailand, Japan, Indonesia) dzakakura rizi kwemakore anopfuura zviuru zvishanu, uye munyika dzeEurope chete anenge mazana matanhatu emakore. Mumakona enyika inokura mupunga wemarudzi akasiyana-siyana:
- muchero wehuyo wakareba - Asia, Australia, North uye South America;
- rice-yakadyarwa rice - Spain, Italy, USA, Burma neAustralia;
- ruzivo rwezviyo rutsva - Italy, Russia, Ukraine, China neJapan;
- ruzi rwomusango - Great Lakes region, pamuganhu weU.SA neCanada;
- risi tsvuku - kumaodzanyemba kweFrance;
- rizi dema - Tibet (China);
- Kamolino - Egypt, pamuromo weNairi;
- basmati - Punjab province, kumaodzanyemba kweIndia nePakistan pasi pemakomo eHimalaya;
- jasmin - zvikomo zveThailand.
Muchiri kukura mamiriro
Murairi unogona kukura pamwe chete pamvura yakadzika, mvura yakazara, uye paminda yakaoma, sezviyo zvinowanikwa zviyo. Kuti uite izvi, unosika minda yemhando dzinotevera:
- kuongorora-masango akadzika kana masango pamagetsi emakomo, akapoteredzwa nemadzimai kana marara, kuchengetedza mvura;
- liman - chikamu chevhu rine matope pedyo nenzizi, kurima kunoitwa pavari munguva yemvura;
- Dry-bottom - anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda gore negore.
Kuti ikure mupunga, unoda zuva rakanaka, saka nguva yakareba, zuva rinokurumidza kukohwa.
Zviri nani kuronga minda pa clayey, loamy, silty uye zvishoma acidic fertile ivhu. Kuti uwane kukohwa kwakanakisisa kwemuti, zvinokurudzirwa kuidyara mushure meArafa uye clover, uyewo kuti uchinje nzvimbo yekutamira kwemakore ose 2-3.
Teknolojia yeRimi kukura
Kana iri mukurima mupunga uri pa liman uye mhepo yakadzika, zvizhinji zviripo zvinotarisana nemamiriro ekunze, ipapo pakuongorora, iyo yose inotungamirirwa nemunhu, saka nzira iyi inoshandiswa inenge 90% yeiri rizere rose rakakura.
Izvi zvinoitwa seizvi:
- Nekubatsirwa kwezvidye zvakasvibirira, michero inodyarwa kubva kumucheka wejunga. Iyo yakakwana yekushisa iyi ndeye 13-16 ° C.
- Mbeu dzakagadzirwa dzakasimwa pane cheki.
- Mushure memazuva mashomanana, nharaunda ye cheki yakaderera yakawanda kuitira kuti nzvimbo yakakwana yemvura isati iri pasi pe13-15cm. Rice
inokura zvakanaka pakushambidza kwe 25-30 ° C. - Kuita usora masora, mvura inoderedzwa kubva mucheki, uye shure kwekupedzwa kwebasa, iyo inozadzikiswa. Weeding inogadzirwa nemunhu chete.
- Kugadzira zvakakwana uye kuomesa ivhu risati rakohwa, mvura inobva kubva kuminda apo ruvara rutsva rwejunga runotanga kuchinja.
Somugumisiro wekurima kwakaoma kwakadaro, munhu anogamuchira chikafu chinokosha uye chakakosha muzvokudya, izvo zvinoshandiswa kuderedza cholesterol, nekudya uye kunyange ivo venyama .